Left-Right Asymmetry in Animal Embryogenesis
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Left–Right Asymmetry: Making the Right Decision Early
A left-right asymmetry in neuronal function is specified surprisingly early during embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Do early cues influence left-right asymmetries in other animals? How are early cues remembered until late in development?
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The elaboration of left-right (LR) asymmetry during animal embryogenesis involves cascades of asymmetrically expressed genes (Fujinaga, 1996; Levin, 1998b). These genes regulate each others’ expression in sequential pathways consisting of inductions and repressions on the left and right sides of the embryo (Levin et al., 1995, 1997; Isaac et al., 1997; Levin, 1998a; Logan et al., 1998). Distinc...
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While significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular events underlying the early specification of the antero-posterior and dorso-ventral axes, little information is available regarding the cellular or molecular basis for left-right (LR) differences in animal morphogenesis. We describe the expression patterns of three genes involved in LR determination in chick embryos: activi...
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